How to Diagnose and Treat ADHD
Many people believe that ADHD is a condition only of children, however it can also affect adults. Being diagnosed and treated for have a peek at these guys can improve the quality of life of a person.
Interviewing the individual and their family members can be a part of an evaluation for ADHD. The specialist may look over the school records of the past to determine if the symptoms started as an infant.
Signs and symptoms
Everyone struggles with concentration and staying organized from time-to-time however, for those who suffers from ADHD this can cause problems with work, school and even home life. The person must display significant symptoms in two of these areas, and that they significantly affect the way they function in their daily lives to be diagnosed with ADHD. The symptoms must have been present for at least six months.
To make a diagnosis, doctors will speak with the patient about their symptoms and ask about their family history and medical conditions. They may also employ rating systems to assess symptoms in adults or children. These types of questionnaires are typically constructed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). They ask about symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity and the tendency to be impulsive.
For adults, doctors might ask to speak with a significant other or people who know the patient. This is not to question the patient's honesty, but to gain a better understanding of their behavior that can't be obtained through a questionnaire. You can also inquire about their childhood behavior and consult the old school records to determine whether the signs started before age 12.
Before determining a diagnosis, the doctor will perform physical examinations and tests in the lab to rule out other health issues, like thyroid problems or head injuries that may cause similar symptoms. The doctor will also review the patient's medication list. Doctors will look at the interactions between stimulants and specific medications prescribed for depression, high blood pressure, and other ailments. This is why it's essential for adults to speak to their primary healthcare providers in the event that they suspect they be suffering from ADHD.
Diagnosis
To be considered to have ADHD, the symptoms must appear in at least two different settings (such as school, home and at work) and interfere with functioning. They also must have begun at the age of 12 and the impairment cannot be caused by a different disorder, such as anxiety or depression.
A mental health professional or doctor will employ a variety tools during the assessment which include ADHD symptom checklists, standardized behavior rating scales and a detailed history. They might also talk to family members or friends to determine how the symptoms affect them. They can also inquire if there are any other psychiatric disorders or physical illnesses that display similar symptoms.
Evaluators will take into account whether symptoms are mild moderate, severe or even mild. They will also examine the person's medical history as well as family history to make sure there is no underlying reason for their symptoms such as thyroid issues or head injuries, or medications.
In some cases the examiner may decide to conduct a cognitive test or request that the person undergo an imaging test in order to rule out other causes for their symptoms, such as learning disabilities. People with these disorders often show different symptoms from those with no issues. For example, boys tend to show hyperactive symptoms and girls show inattention symptoms.
Some people with ADHD would like to participate in an experiment in order to test new treatments. While this is a great way to help further research, it's important for participants to know that the main purpose of these studies is to increase knowledge in the field of science and cannot necessarily guarantee that they will receive treatment. For more information on clinical trials, visit the NIMH's Clinical Trials fact sheet.
Treatment
For a person who suspects they have ADHD it is important to find an expert trained in diagnosing the disorder. Contact your health insurance company to inquire if ADHD specialists will be covered. You could also ask your family physician or other healthcare providers for recommendations. Word-of-mouth recommendations are also a good alternative.
A doctor will ask the patient or their parents in the case of children - about their issues. They may use standard questionnaires or ADHD symptoms checklists, and ask for details from other people in the person's life, such as spouses and family members. Personal insights can provide more information than what can be learned from questionnaires.
Experts will also examine any documents from the past particularly old reports. The diagnosis of ADHD is usually determined by the past of an individual. To be considered diagnosed the symptoms must be present from the time of childhood (technically, before the age 12).
A physical examination is also conducted. It checks for other medical conditions that may be the cause of the symptoms, for example, seizure disorders or thyroid problems. A neurological examination is often performed by a specialist to check the coordination and motor control. Psychological tests to measure the level of intelligence and ability can also be used. A person could be required to perform simple computer tasks to test attention and memory. This could help the expert determine if a person is hyperactive, inattentive, or impulsive. The expert will then decide on a diagnosis and recommend treatment. Typically, the treatment plan includes therapy and medication. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, can teach adults and children healthy coping techniques and change unhelpful thinking patterns. This therapy is usually performed by the primary care physician or a mental health professional who specializes in adult ADHD.
Medication
Many people with ADHD improve by taking medication. However it is not the only treatment for the condition. Psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, or a combination can be beneficial for children, teens, and adults. These therapies aid them in dealing with their ADHD symptoms and learn how to manage them. Psychoeducation, which is a form of education on ADHD and ways to manage it, may be incorporated. They can involve teachers, parents and other professionals.
It is essential to locate an expert in mental health or health care provider who is experienced in treating ADHD. You can request recommendations from other people with ADHD or from a mental health provider you already know, or do an online search. It is recommended to find a specialist who is familiar with your insurance plan.
To diagnose ADHD or other disorders, your health professional will inquire about your or your child's symptoms and issues caused by the condition. They will do an examination of the body and look for other health problems which could trigger similar symptoms. They will go over the medical and family history of your child or you, as well as school documents and other reports.
The American Psychiatric Association's (DSM-V) that is primarily designed to diagnose children, has a more difficult to diagnose ADHD in adults. Your health care provider will interview you or your child about their symptoms, and may ask others who spend a lot of time with them to complete questionnaires and checklists. They will use these to help them decide whether you or your child has inattentive ADHD, hyperactive-impulsive ADHD, combined ADHD or unspecified ADHD. ADHD medications include stimulants such as methylphenidate, lisdexamfetamine, and atomox as well as non-stimulants like atomoxetine and certain antidepressants. They function by boosting levels of brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters.
Counseling
Many people with ADHD have comorbid disorders like depression or anxiety. The treatment should therefore include therapy that targets these issues. Some patients can benefit from cognitive behavior therapy that teaches skills such as managing time and tasks and emotional self-regulation.
Additionally, therapists can help patients learn to manage their symptoms by making lifestyle modifications. For example, a regular exercise routine can reduce hyperactivity and increase concentration. A healthy diet is crucial for people with ADHD tend to eat higher levels of sugar and fat, and eat fewer fruits and vegetables than others. Making social and family relationships a top priority can help decrease anxiety and make people feel more in control of their lives.
Another major benefit of having an ADHD diagnosis is that it provides adults and children an understanding comprehension of their issues. A child diagnosed with ADHD might have difficulty communicating their needs to teachers or other peers. When a teacher is aware that this is not a personal issue or due to laziness they can offer adjustments.
A professional evaluating ADHD will ask questions that are targeted to the person's age, interview family and teachers, look over medical records, and look for any comorbid conditions. If ADHD symptoms started before adulthood school records can be useful for adults.
A physical exam is usually included, and the expert will likely check for hearing and vision issues. They may also do an analysis of blood to check for certain hormones and other health conditions that can cause symptoms of ADHD.